正常人和无睡眠呼吸异常慢病患者睡眠期间的呼吸源性心率变异初步报告*

目的: 整体整合生理学医学新理论-呼吸循环代谢等系统一体化调控提出了呼吸为循环指标变异性起源的假说,我们对人睡眠期间的呼吸和心率变异分别分析,探索心率变异的起源。方法: 本研究回顾性分析了2014年以来行心肺运动试验（CPET）、多导睡眠图（PSG）鼻气流和心电图监测的8例无疾病诊断的正常人和10例无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者,分析夜晚睡眠期间鼻气流的呼吸周期与心电图R-R间期心率变异周期的关系。一个完整的呼吸周期包括吸气过程和紧接着的呼气过程,分析计算呼吸周期数、平均呼吸周期时间等指标。心率由心电图的R-R间期计算获得,连续一次心率由最低点上升至最高点,再由最高点下降至最低点,为一个心率变异周期,计算心率变异周期数、平均心率变异时间、心率变异平均幅度等指标。比较同一人呼吸和心率变异指标之间的相互关系,以及两组人群之间的异同。结果: 正常人峰值摄氧量、无氧阈等CPET核心指标均显著优于无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者（P<0.05）。正常人AHI（（1.7±1.3）次/小时）和无睡眠呼吸异常慢性疾病患者AHI（（2.9±1.2）次/小时）无差异（P>0.05）。正常人呼吸周期数与心率变异周期数（（6581.63±1411.90）次、（6638.38±1459.46）次）、平均呼吸周期时间与平均心率变异周期时间（（4.19±0.57）s、（4.16±0.62）s）均高度一致,无差异（P>0.05）。无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者上述指标比较（（7354.50±1443.50）次与（7291.20±1399.31）次、（4.20±0.69）s与（4.23±0.68）s）也是高度一致,无统计学差异（P>0.05）。正常人呼吸周期数/心率变异周期数（0.993±0.027）与无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者呼吸周期数/心率变异周期数（1.008±0.024）比值均接近1。正常人心率变化平均幅度（（5.74±3.21） bpm）略高于无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者（（2.88±1.44） bpm,P<0.05）。结论: 正常人和无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者无论功能状态如何,心率变异与呼吸存在极其相似的一致性,其心率变异的始发因素均为呼吸所致。     

硝酸镧和兰科菌根真菌互作对石斛生长和有效成分积累的影响

利用盆栽的方式研究了不同硝酸镧水平下接种OM真菌对石斛生长、根系活力、N、P、K等营养元素吸收以及有效成分积累的影响,并分析了根际硝酸还原酶和磷酸酶活性变化。结果表明,添加适量的硝酸镧有利于OM真菌侵染和菌根发育,促进石斛生长,包括地下和地上的生物量。在接种OM真菌时,同时添加5.0 mg·L-1的硝酸镧,石斛的生物量达到最大,为对照组的4.76倍。在适量的硝酸镧水平下接种OM真菌还可以提高根系活力,并促进N、P和K的吸收和利用,提高根际硝酸还原酶和磷酸酶的活性;显著提高蛋白质、多糖以及石斛碱的含量。硝酸镧与OM真菌互作能促进石斛生长和有效成分的积累,提高其药用品质。     

辽东山区林权制度改革中林下种植模式对林下植物物种多样性的影响

以样方调查数据为基础,采用物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数,对辽宁省东部山区森林生态系统中种植林下参和大叶芹这两种作物对林下植物物种多样性的影响进行了研究,并分析了不同作物种植样地和未种植样地以及不同种植作物样地之间的各种指数的差异程度。结果表明:(1)种植两种作物均对灌木层物种产生了显著的影响,降低了物种多样性。(2)种植林下参使得草本层的物种丰富度显著降低,均匀度显著增加,而多样性指数差异不显著。(3)种植大叶芹使得草本层的物种丰富度、均匀度和多样性指数均显著降低。(4)林下参种植样地和大叶芹种植样地之间草本层的物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数之间存在显著差异。     

肺炎克雷伯菌的芯片式数字PCR检测方法的建立

[背景]条件致病菌肺炎克雷伯菌是医源性感染最重要的革兰氏阴性菌之一,目前对该病原菌的核酸检测方法存在费时费力、灵敏度低、准确性差等问题.[目的]建立基于芯片式数字PCR的肺炎克雷伯菌检测方法.[方法]依据肺炎克雷伯菌的16S rRNA基因保守序列设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,通过与实时荧光定量PCR的比较分析,确定...     

Studies on Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong

The four periphytic communities established in Plover Cove Reservoir (the epiphyton, epihthon, epipelon and epipsammon) were investigated between November, 1970 and December, 1971. A rich flora of diatoms was found to dominate all four peri-phytic communities, and, for this reason, assessment of diatom numbers was used to monitor each community during this survey. The standing crop of each community, measured by cell counts and by chlorophyll a determinations, showed distinct seasonal patterns. Except for the epipsammon, each community displayed a maximum growth in winter, a moderate spring and autumn growth period and a low summer growth. The episammic flora stood apart from the other attached floras in that it exhibited a prolonged maximum growth period in summer. Relatively small numbers of species were found to form the main bulk of all four communities (the so-called ‘constant forms’) and these belonged predominantly to the pennate genera Achnanthes, Fragilaria, Nitzschia and Synedra.     

Tetrapod postural shift estimated from Permian and Triassic trackways

Abstract:  The end-Permian mass extinction, 252 million years (myr) ago, marks a major shift in the posture of tetrapods. Before the mass extinction, terrestrial tetrapods were sprawlers, walking with their limbs extended to the sides; after the event, most large tetrapods had adopted an erect posture with their limbs tucked under the body. This shift had been suspected from the study of skeletal fossils, but had been documented as a long process that occupied some 15–20 myr of the Triassic. This study reads posture directly from fossil tracks, using a clear criterion for sprawling vs erect posture. The track record is richer than the skeletal record, especially for the Early and Middle Triassic intervals, the critical 20 myr during which period the postural shift occurred. The shift to erect posture was completed within the 6 myr of the Early Triassic and affected both lineages of medium to large tetrapods of the time, the diapsids and synapsids.     

使用面罩行心肺运动试验（CPET）可能导致误诊的临床观察研究*

目的: 观察面罩增加解剖死腔,归纳总结CPET新9图结果中运动诱导的波浪式呼吸（EIOB）产生的规律,并分析出其发生率及易产生波浪式呼吸的年龄段。方法: 本研究全部CPET实验数据结果来自2014年至今在聊城市儿童医院门诊完成CPET的3至14岁的501例儿童。通过严格质控,根据Harbor-UCLA标准操作流程在经过特殊座位处理的儿童精准功率计上完成症状限制极限运动的CPET,通过CPET数据的标准化计算分析判读,对不同年龄儿童的气体交换特征性表现的EIOB发生频率进行分析,同时分析高强度运动时漏气导致摄氧量和氧脉搏递增变缓的可能。结果: 3~6 岁组EIOB 的发生率最高, 为42%;7~10 岁组EIOB 的发生率为29.4%,11~14 岁组EIOB 的发生率为29.9%。三组经卡方检验（x²=7.512）,差别具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。508 例患儿中有14 例在CPET 过程中出现漏气情况,发生率为2.7%。结论: 儿童出现波浪式呼吸（OB）现象可能因为面罩增加了解剖死腔,并非疾病所致。为提高CPET质控和减少临床误诊建议尽可能使用较少增加死腔的咬口器。     

褐飞虱危害粳稻稻穗及原因分析

1998年 ,东台市出现了历史上罕见的水稻褐飞虱危害粳稻稻穗的现象 ,对水稻的产量影响较大。本文就其发生的原因进行了分析。     

Different effects of neuropeptide Y on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via regulation of Geminin

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, mainly affecting females, which is associated to a mutation on the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene. In the pathogenesis and progression of classic RTT, red blood cell (RBC) morphology has been shown to be an important biosensor for redox imbalance and chronic hypoxemia. Here we have evaluated the impact of oxidation and redox imbalance on several functional properties of RTT erythrocytes. In particular, we report for the first time a stopped-flow measurement of the kinetics of oxygen release by RBCs and the analysis of the intrinsic affinity of the hemoglobin (Hb). According to our experimental approach, RBCs from RTT patients do not show any intrinsic difference with respect to those from healthy controls neither in Hb’s oxygen-binding affinity nor in O₂ exchange processes at 37 °C. Therefore, these factors do not contribute to the observed alteration of the respiratory function in RTT patients. Moreover, the energy metabolism of RBCs, from both RTT patients and controls, was evaluated by ion-pairing HPLC method and related to the level of malondialdehyde and to the oxidative radical scavenging capacity of red cells. Results have clearly confirmed significant alterations in antioxidant defense capability, adding important informations concerning the high-energy compound levels in RBCs of RTT subjects, underlying possible correlations with inflammatory tissue alterations.